From: skunk-works-digest-owner@mail.orst.edu To: skunk-works-digest@mail.orst.edu Subject: Skunk Works Digest V5 #355 Reply-To: skunk-works-digest@mail.orst.edu Errors-To: skunk-works-digest-owner@mail.orst.edu Precedence: bulk Skunk Works Digest Sunday, 16 July 1995 Volume 05 : Number 355 In this issue: LOCKHEED TO USE KODAK CAMERA FOR CRSS Re: JP-7 fuel TR-2 aircraft? keeping the engineers honest... Re: keeping the engineers honest... Acronym Trivia Re: re: Speed of Sound Re: keeping the engineers honest... Re: keeping the engineers honest... Re: keeping the engineers honest... Re: keeping the engineers honest... Re: TR-2 aircraft? See the end of the digest for information on subscribing to the skunk-works or skunk-works-digest mailing lists and on how to retrieve back issues. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: Charles_E._Smith.wbst200@xerox.com Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 03:23:08 PDT Subject: LOCKHEED TO USE KODAK CAMERA FOR CRSS The following is from Lockheed Martins` WWW server. Since it is not copyrighted I took the liberty of distribuing. Chuck KODAK SELECTED TO PROVIDE DIGITAL CAMERA FOR SPACE IMAGING'S SATELLITE THORNTON, Colo., July 12, 1995 - Space Imaging, Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space and Eastman Kodak Co. announced today that Kodak will supply the digital camera for Space Imaging's commercial remote-sensing satellite (CRSS) system, scheduled for launch in late 1997. Space Imaging, a company established to provide high-resolution imagery of the earth to commercial customers worldwide, and Missiles & Space, the prime contractor for Space Imaging's remote sensing system, announced the agreement following the successful completion of the CRSS preliminary design review on June 16. Kodak is a major subcontractor to Missiles & Space for the CRSS payload. Under the terms of the agreement, Kodak will provide an integrated imaging payload system that represents a ten-fold increase in existing image resolution quality. The payload will enable one-meter panchromatic (gray-scale) resolution and four- meter, four-band multispectral (red, green, blue, near infrared) resolution instead of the ten- to 30-meter resolution that is currently available. The digital camera is comprised of a Kodak- designed and -manufactured focal plane array and a lightweight telescope using a state-of-the-art mirror fabricated with Kodak's advanced ion figuring technology. To speed the downloading of data to Space Imaging's ground stations, the original 11-bit data will be compressed using Kodak's proprietary bandwidth compression technology. These features will enable the Space Imaging satellite to acquire the highest resolution earth imagery available for commercial entities. "Missiles & Space is actively pursuing commercial applications for its premier defense technologies," said Tom Tadano, program manager for CRSS at Missiles & Space. "This agreement with Kodak reinforces our promise to provide a state-of- the-art remote sensing satellite for Space Imaging's commercial enterprise. We are proud to have Kodak be a critical part of this effort." "Missiles & Space chose Kodak as its digital camera supplier because of Kodak's superior, cost-competitive, high-resolution digital imaging products and systems," said John Neer, Space Imaging's president and chief executive officer. "As a vertically integrated company, Kodak offers end-to-end digital imaging capabilities for Space Imaging and the delivery of high- performance sensor technology, focal plane development, and leadership in research and development of advanced digital imaging technology." "We're obviously pleased to be part of Space Imaging's commercial satellite venture," said Chris Fitzsimmons, general manager and vice president of Kodak's Commercial and Government Systems. "To Kodak, this enterprise represents an evolutionary step in providing imagery-based information to a commercial market that has barely tapped its potential. This kind of information will become a mainstream product in the future. Because Kodak and Space Imaging share this vision, the match is a perfect fit." Kodak is a major subcontractor to Space Imaging's prime contractor, Missiles & Space. Missiles & Space is designing and building Space Imaging's satellite and launch vehicles. In March 1994, the U.S. Commerce Department gave the aerospace and defense company license approval to market certain types of sophisticated satellite technology to commercial customers worldwide. The industry for commercial remote sensing imagery has been estimated at $3 billion annually and is expected to grow to $5 billion by the year 2000. The predominant applications for remote sensing images are the geographic information systems, mapping and utility markets. However, Space Imaging expects that the availability of attractively priced, high-resolution imagery will grow and advance new commercial markets for earth-based data and derivative information products. These markets will include civil engineering, real estate, property/asset appraisal, local government planning and development, irrigation, land management, mining, transportation, and telecommunications. Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space is a major aerospace and defense company specializing in the development of space systems, missiles and other high technology products. Founded in 1954, Missiles & Space has its headquarters in Sunnyvale, Calif. It is a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation and is part of the corporation's Space & Strategic Missiles Sector. Kodak is a worldwide company headquartered in Rochester, NY. Kodak has more than 75 years of aerial imaging experience and capability to bring to the remote sensing effort. Thornton, Colo.-based Space Imaging, in cooperation with Lockheed Martin Corp. and E-Systems, Inc. (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Raytheon), is one of the first companies licensed by the U.S. government to provide high-quality, one-meter resolution satellite imagery of the earth to commercial users. In partnership with Lockheed Martin, E-Systems, Mitsubishi Corp. and other investors, Space Imaging will launch its first commercial satellite in late 1997. # # # July, 1995 95-78 Space Imaging Brian Webster (303) 254-2104 Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space Jim Graham (408) 742-7531 (Email: jimgraham@lmsc.lockheed.com) Kodak Bob Lundquist (716) 781-1463 ------------------------------ From: fmarkus@pipeline.com (Frank Markus) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 08:49:27 -0400 Subject: Re: JP-7 fuel On 07/15/95 in , 'fmarkus@nyc.pipeline.com(Frank Markus)' wrote: On Tue, 11 Jul 1995, 'Mary Shafer ' wrote: [Lots of stuff omitted] >The sealant isn't exactly injected into the seams of the tanks. Rather, >it's spread carefully all over the inside of the tank. If you get a leak >in a fuel tank, you have to empty the tank and go in and scrape off all >the old sealant from the area that you think is leaking. Then you spread >new sealant very carefully over this area, let the sealant cure, and >refill the tank. Given the fineness of the SR's wings, how do you spread the sealant carefully over the inside of the tank? I assume that removing skin panels to gain access would defeat the purpose of the exercise. I further assume that the wings are too thin to climb into [sorry, dangling preposition!]. So ... how is it done? ------------------------------ From: "Joe Pialet" Date: Sat, 15 Jul 95 11:39:11 +0100 Subject: TR-2 aircraft? We are all familiar with the Lockheed TR-1 (U2) and there have been rumors for several years of a possible TR-3A Black Manta from Lockheed or Northrop. Was there ever a TR-2? If so, what was it and what happened to it? ------------------------------ From: "Frank Schiffel, Jr." Date: Sat, 15 Jul 95 10:54:41 CDT Subject: keeping the engineers honest... Actually, density is mass per volume, as in grams/ cm**3, so if the density increases a given amount of material will take up less space all things being equal. The Mach tables are usually given as weather readings on standard day data, so you can get tables of altitudes for say, March at Edwards and look up altitude and find temperature to do the Mach calculations. Of course, if you want really accurate data, you can run weather balloons and get the weather data right before and after the flight. As far as the antigravity stuff, well hey, it works at Paramount studios to keep the Enterprise crew from floating in space. Other than that, its not accepted in the real world as a useful propulsion system. Maybe we can do a list of the best (or worst) myths written up by AW&ST. My vote would be about when the B-1 had a penny that was taped over the inlet so that it would FOD the engine. Never happened, had RI looking all over for the source. Neat story though. Anybody want to explain geopotential foot to explain scale height? regards, Frank ------------------------------ From: czbb062 Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 14:20:31 -0500 (CDT) Subject: Re: keeping the engineers honest... On Sat, 15 Jul 1995, Frank Schiffel, Jr. wrote: [snip} > My vote would be about when the B-1 had a penny that was taped over the > inlet so that it would FOD the engine. Never happened, had RI looking > all over for the source. Neat story though. FOD and RI are acronyms that I want to know. Would some kind soul please spell them out? On another issue, would someone tell me where titanium is used in SR-71 and where Inconel? TIA. Michael Eisenstadt (czbb062@access.texas.gov) ------------------------------ From: chosa@chosa.win.net (Byron Weber) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 13:41:04 Subject: Acronym Trivia Ive noticed some people use DOD and others use DoD to identify the Department of Defense. Acronyms, Initialisms & Abbreviations Dictionary, 1995 shows the correct acronym as DoD. There are numerous DODs listed but none relate to the government. So why DoD. Because there is a DOD not shown in the above titled book that the government would want to distinguish from the DoD, that is the Domestic Office Division of the CIA which uses DOD. Byron Weber ------------------------------ From: chosa@chosa.win.net (Byron Weber) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 13:27:49 Subject: Re: re: Speed of Sound >Byron, > > Thanks for the added explanation of Mach. We have been going round and >round with IAS, TAS, and Mach and relationships of each. When you go for >years thinking you know what they are and find you are wrong, it's kinda >annoying. The way I understand it is the "air" molecules don't change size >with temp. or altitude. The density (distance between molecules) increases >with altitude and molecular activity (I'm not sure exactly what is moving >faster, though) increases with temp. > > So the way it seems to be is Mach 1 is a given speed for a given temp. If >the temp. at sea level is 59C, then Mach 1 is a certain speed (~660 knots?). >If it is (theoretically) 59C at 10K ft, Mach 1 is the same. True? If so, our >Mach indicators are only accurate for one temp. as they show a change of Mach >with a change of IAS or static (altitude). Just out of curiousity, how >inaccurate could they be due to this? Is the temp. stable enough that it >isn't a factor? > > Back to the books I guess. > > Tony > You would probably be better off asking an engineer these questions, but I will say what I know. I think your confusing forward airspeed with Mach speed. A Machmeter measures airspeed relative to the speed of sound to prevent damage due to compressibility or the Mach effect and they are accurate (almost, although a plane may be traveling overall at less than Mach 1, local points on the plane may actually exceed Mach 1). On the other hand a Mach needle or indicator is preset for Mach 1 under specific conditions and doesnt change. Measuring Mach with a Machmeter is possible because there is a relationship between pressure and temperature as it relates to the speed of sound, as described in a previous post by Jay Freeman and others, the adiabatic relationship. And so consider this: PV=(mu)kT P=Pressure mu=mean molecular mass V=Volume k=Boltzmann's constant T=Temperature From this you can see changes in pressure effect temperature and visa versa. The simplist description for Mach speed is: c =(wave lgth/3)1/2 * V s av The only thing missing is the relatively small amount of energy absortion that slightly reduces c less than the 1/2 shown above. V is the speed of molecules. That is what moves. av Byron Weber av ------------------------------ From: jonhp@ix.netcom.com (Jon Price (PJ)) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 17:41:15 -0700 Subject: Re: keeping the engineers honest... > - ----------------------snip------------------------------ > >FOD and RI are acronyms that I want to know. Would some kind soul please >spell them out? > FOD is Foreign Object Debris ( anything which could be sucked into an engine or thrown by a rolling tire). Foreign Object Damage( results of something foreign being sucked into an intake, ect.). RI? Have'nt got a clue. >On another issue, would someone tell me where titanium is used in SR-71 and >where Inconel? > Titanium is used throughout the SR. Somewhere around 80-90% of the structure. Inconel? Have'nt got a clue there either. It was used in the x-15 and XB-70, but just where and how much, I could'nt say. >TIA. > >Michael Eisenstadt (czbb062@access.texas.gov) > > > - -- Jon Price (PJ) **From the slopes of the Eastern High Sierras** **Bishop, California** ------------------------------ From: kuryakin@arn.net (Illya Kuryakin) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 19:47:14 -0500 Subject: Re: keeping the engineers honest... At 14:20 7/15/95, czbb062 wrote: +On Sat, 15 Jul 1995, Frank Schiffel, Jr. wrote: + + [snip} +> My vote would be about when the B-1 had a penny that was taped over the +> inlet so that it would FOD the engine. Never happened, had RI looking +> all over for the source. Neat story though. + +FOD and RI are acronyms that I want to know. Would some kind soul please +spell them out? FOD is Foreign Object Damage (Debri?). Like rocks or mislaid tools on the tarmac that get sucked into the intake when you run up the engine. Illya ------------------------------ From: czbb062 Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 19:50:56 -0500 (CDT) Subject: Re: keeping the engineers honest... FOD I now understand. But what is RI? Thanks for the speedy response from all those who explained FOD. Michael Eisenstadt (czbb062@access.texas.gov) ------------------------------ From: kuryakin@arn.net (Illya Kuryakin) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 22:05:27 -0500 Subject: Re: keeping the engineers honest... At 17:41 7/15/95, Jon Price (PJ wrote: +>On another issue, would someone tell me where titanium is used in SR-71 and +>where Inconel? +> +Titanium is used throughout the SR. Somewhere around 80-90% of the structure. +Inconel? Have'nt got a clue there either. It was used in the x-15 and +XB-70, but just where and how much, I could'nt say. Actually, leading edges are the obvious choice. Wings, nacelles, fins... nose. Anyplace that there are pressure loads on the aircraft. Illya ------------------------------ From: dadams@netcom.com (Dean Adams) Date: Sat, 15 Jul 1995 22:35:34 -0700 (PDT) Subject: Re: TR-2 aircraft? > We are all familiar with the Lockheed TR-1 (U2) and there have been rumors > for several years of a possible TR-3A Black Manta from Lockheed or Northrop. > Was there ever a TR-2? If so, what was it and what happened to it? There is at least the ER-2, which is the NASA version of the TR-1A. ------------------------------ End of Skunk Works Digest V5 #355 ********************************* To subscribe to skunk-works-digest, send the command: subscribe skunk-works-digest in the body of a message to "majordomo@mail.orst.edu". If you want to subscribe something other than the account the mail is coming from, such as a local redistribution list, then append that address to the "subscribe" command; for example, to subscribe "local-skunk-works": subscribe skunk-works-digest local-skunk-works@your.domain.net To unsubscribe, send mail to the same address, with the command: unsubscribe skunk-works-digest in the body. 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